Flying-machine



C. A. HERRMANN.

FLYING MACHENE.

APPLICATION FILED cans, I916. RENEWED APR. 26, I919.

1,365,995, Patemxzfl Jam 18,1921.

2 SHEETSSHEET L INVENTOH -mlmm WITNESSES."

n.) a 9 68mm 3 any. 6 ATTORNEY G. A. HERRMANN.

FLYING MACHINE. APPLICATION map OCT. 3. 1916. RENEWED APR-26.1919.

1,365 ,995. Patented Jan. 18, 1921 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

A 4. ATTOR/VEY Application filed October 3, 1916, Serial No. 123,558.

terference with eachothers stream UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES A. nnnnnann, or BATH, NEW' YORK,

reams COMPANY, me, A CORPORAT FLYING-MACHINE.

To all whom it may concern.

Be it known that I, CHARLES A. Henn- MANN, a citizen of the UnitedStates, residhas special reference to the disposition. or an 10*angement of the supporting surfaces.

My object is to provide a. flying machine with a large supportingsurface and at the same time occupying but a comparatively small area,thereby enabling the aviator to handle the machine with the samefacility as a small structure, and which shall. have a low met-accntricpoint. v i

A further object is to so arrange the planes that the motive power canbe disposed in such ahmannor that a perfect balance is secured, andwhich will contribute to the highest efficiency in propellingthe craft.

M A still further object is to provide a means whereby it may be readilyadapted for military uses, as well as commercial. purposes,

and in which machine guns can be mounted fore and aft and assure a widerangeof action for the gunners in all directions.

Owing to the large sustaining surface available bythe constructionherein shown,

it is specially adapted as a freight or passenger carrier, the space inthe main longitudinal body, as well as'within the parallel side bodies,affording ample room for handling merchandise.

The invention consists in grouping allthe dunes in a mass so disposed.that each will ave an effective lift, entirely free froi'n inlines,which, in effect, enables me to provide a very large surface without agreat lateral wing spread. This is brought about by also materiallyincreasing the wing spread in a fore and aft direction, but theirdisposition is" such that the angle of flight is easlly han-- dled bythe rear control planes, all of which will now be set forth in detail.In the accompanying drawing Figure '1. is a side elevation of myinventionin grouped mass formation for planes, and

Fig. 2 is a tion.

In carrying out my invention I provide at planes, the term group beingapplied to either aset of bi-planes or plan or top View of my inven-Specification of Letters Patent.

group as the three Renewed April 26, 1919.

of tri-planes, arranged ASSIGNOR TO AMERICA-N MULTI- ION OF NEW YORKPatented Jan. 18, 1921.

Serial No. 293,015.

in tandem-fashion,

one group of two planes being followed by a group of three, and so on.show the preferred form, as I find it to be although it is obvious thatmore than the three groups are avail effieient in practice,

able. In the present eons The drawings truction the threeplane group,composed of the planes *1, 4, at,

o, 5, and the rear group 0 Vert1cal posts 7, at

18 mtermcdiate the front group of the planes f the planes 6, 6. suitabledistances apart serve as supports for theintermcdiate group, and alsosupport the rear margins of the front group, 5, 5, as well as theanterior margins of the rear grou placed at the forward group, andsimilar posts 9 the planes 6, 6.

apex at the forward post the wheel skid 12 and brace members 13, 1 1,wit

3 6, 6. Posts 8 are ends of the first at the rear ends of race members10, 11, arranged in A-shaped formation, with their 8, extend down tosnnilarly-disposed 11 their upper ends attached to the post 9, havetheir lower ends also secured to which are connected with the skids.Wlhl'l the V-shaped brace These, together members l5, 16, the lower endsof the posts 7, 7, constitute the fuselage, and in practice the bracemembers 10, 11, 13, 1 1-, extend down from the posts 8, 9, at a pointalongside the two side tubular bodies which carry the propellers, whilethe V-shaped members 15, 16, are, down from the mam or chassis, and alsoserve posts alongside the two tubular bodies.

The fuselage thus constructed is exceedpreferably, extended tral tubularbody, to support the ingly strong and rigid, being braced in alldirections and admirably the weight to be carried surfaces. While I showa same length,I may mo making the upper plane lower ones, but that ll ofthe planes the adapted to sustain by the sustaining dify that feature,

s longer than the is immaterial. It is particularly pointed out,however, that half of thesupporting surface is in the intermediateplanes are broader, fore and aft, than the front and rear planes.

The object of this construction is two-fold,

first to use the intermediate group as a pivot, and thus enable theaviator to easily and quickly change the angle of flight, and,

second, to afford ample space between the planes of the front and reargroups so that the disturbed air from th not aifect'the lift of the efront planes will rear planes. As a groups embodying a plurality ofsuperimposed planes, and each of the groups in front and in rear of saidfirst named group embodying a less number of planes than said firstnamed group, the planes of each group being out of horizontal alinementwith the planes of the adjacent group and said groups of planesconstituting substantially the total, supporting surface of the machine.

2. In aeroplanes, a plurality of planes, comprising three groups, theintermediate group having a sustaining surface equal to the combinedarea of the two other groups, and said groups of planes constituting substantially the total supporting surface of the machine, in combinationwith control planes to the rear of the said grouped planes.

3. In aeroplanes, a plurality of planes, comprising three groups intandem formation, the planes of the intermediate group being wider foreand aft than the planes of the other groups, in combinationwith controlplanes to the rear of said grouped planes. I

4-. In aeroplanes, a plurality of planes,

comprising three groups of planes, the-in termediate group having asustaining surface equal to the combined area of the two other groupsand said groups of planes constituting substantially the totalsupporting surface of the machine, in combination with propellersarranged fore and aft of the said groups, and control planes to the rearof said groups and said propellers.

5. In aeroplanes, a plurality of planes, comprising three groups ofplanes in tandem fore and aft of said formation, the planes of theintermediate group being wider than the planes of the other groups, incombination with propellers groups.

6. In aeroplanes, a plurality of planes, comprising three groups, eachgroup en1- bodying a vertical series of superimposed planes in spacedrelation to each other the intermediate group having a sustainingsurface equal to the combined area of the two other groups, the saidthree groups constituting substantially the total supporting surface ofthe machine.

7. In aeroplanes, a plurality of planes, comprising three groups intandem formation, each group embodying a vertical series of superimposedplanes in spaced relation to each other, the planes of the intermediategroup being wider fore and aft than the planes of the other groups.

8. In aeroplanes, a plurality of planes comprising three groups, intandem formation, the intermediate group having a greater number ofplanes than thefront and rear groups and disposed out of horizontalalinement with the planes of said front and rear groups, the said threegroups constituting substantially the total supporting surface of themachine, a centrally arranged tractor propeller, and a pair of pusherpropellers arranged equidistantly from the center of the machine and atopposite sides of the center of the tractor propeller in the line offlight.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature.

CHARLES A. HERRMANN.

